由于硫酸对金属具有很强的腐蚀性，所以在生产、运输和使用过程中，硫酸储罐的安全储存是一个非常重要的环节。

Because sulphuric acid has strong corrosiveness to metals, the safe storage of sulphuric acid storage tank is a very important link in the production, transportation and use process.

为了保证硫酸储罐设施安全运行，需采取正确的防腐措施，如：合理设计、正确选材、严格管理等。

In order to ensure the safe operation of sulfuric acid storage tank facilities, correct anti-corrosion measures should be taken, such as reasonable design, correct material selection, strict management, etc.

硫酸储罐的防腐设计标准：

Anti-corrosion design standards for sulphuric acid tanks:

按照设计标准，（钢制）硫酸储罐可分为两种类型：

According to the design criteria, (steel) sulfuric acid tanks can be divided into two types:

一种是压力容器类的硫酸储罐，包括立式储罐和卧式储罐两种形式，当公称容积不超过200m³或设计压力较高时一般考虑这种类型的储罐；

One is sulfuric acid tank of pressure vessel type, which includes vertical tank and horizontal tank. When nominal volume does not exceed 200 m_or design pressure is high, this type of tank is generally considered.

另一种则是常压大型硫酸储罐，当公称容积大于200m³且设计压力不高时优先采用这种类型的储罐。

The other is large sulfuric acid tank at atmospheric pressure. When nominal volume is more than 200 m_and design pressure is not high, this type of tank is preferred.

硫酸储罐基本类型：

Basic types of sulphuric acid tanks:

由于不存在较高的蒸气压力，硫酸储罐无需采用内浮盘。

Because of the absence of high vapor pressure, sulfuric acid tanks do not need to use internal floating pans.

为隔离空气及雨水等杂质储罐需用固定顶来保护罐内介质，一般为自支撑的固定顶。

In order to isolate impurities such as air and rainwater, a fixed roof is needed to protect the medium inside the tank, usually a self-supporting fixed roof.

此外，加强肋等支撑件应设置在罐顶外壁，支撑件要有足够的腐蚀裕量；液位以下的部件不得有裂纹等缺陷。

In addition, the reinforcement ribs and other supporting parts should be set on the outer wall of the tank roof, and the supporting parts should have sufficient corrosion margin; the parts below the liquid level should not have cracks and other defects.

为安全起见，一般不考虑在罐顶设置操作平台，为便于操作和检修，可以另设立平台。

For the sake of safety, it is generally not considered to set up an operation platform on the top of the tank. In order to facilitate operation and maintenance, an independent platform can be set up.

如果必须设置罐顶平台，则设计罐顶时应充分考虑自重以及顶部平台、管支架和相关设备的附加载荷。

If the tank roof platform must be set up, the self-weight and additional loads of the top platform, pipe support and related equipment should be fully considered in the design of the tank roof.

硫酸防腐储罐的结构设计：

Structural design of sulfuric acid anticorrosive tank:

硫酸储罐一般应至少包括6个管口：硫酸入口，硫酸出口，溢流口，放空口（压力阀口），顶部人孔，清扫孔。

Sulphuric acid storage tank should generally include at least 6 orifices: sulphuric acid inlet, sulphuric acid outlet, overflow orifice, vent (pressure valve orifice), top manhole and sweeping orifice.

为了减少泄漏，硫酸入口一般设置在罐顶，并且管口距离罐壁至少为1200mm，如条件限制也可将人口设置在靠近顶部的罐壁处。

In order to reduce leakage, the sulfuric acid inlet is usually set on the top of the tank, and the distance between the pipe mouth and the tank wall is at least 1200 mm. If the conditions are limited, the population can also be set near the top of the tank wall.

硫酸入口般应采用汲取管的方式，即将管口伸至液面以下。

Sulfuric acid inlet should generally adopt the way of suction tube, that is to extend the nozzle below the liquid level.

硫酸出口一般也采取汲取管的方式，且多为可拆卸式结构。

Sulphuric acid export generally takes the way of suction tube, and most of them are detachable structure.

为了便于拆卸，外套管直径一般取硫酸出口管直径的2倍以上。除了图中所示的结构硫酸出口也可设计成齐平接管的形式。

In order to facilitate disassembly, the diameter of the outer sleeve is usually more than twice the diameter of the sulfuric acid outlet pipe. In addition to the structure shown in the figure, the sulphuric acid outlet can also be designed as a flat nozzle.

为避免液位过高而引起硫酸外溢，可在罐壁上部设置溢流口，其管口与罐壁内表面平齐。

In order to avoid sulfuric acid spillover caused by excessive liquid level, an overflow nozzle can be set on the upper part of the tank wall, and the nozzle of the overflow nozzle is even with the inner surface of the tank wall.

如不设置溢流口，可通过高液位仪表控制进料管线上的切断阀来达到目的。

If no overflow outlet is set, the cut-off valve on the feeding line can be controlled by a high level instrument to achieve the goal.

为保证储罐具有良好的耐腐蚀性，所有位于液面下的焊缝均应为全焊透对接结构，并进行局部X射线检测。

In order to ensure good corrosion resistance of the tank, all welds under the liquid level should be fully penetrated butt joint structure, and local X-ray detection should be carried out.

对高度和直径的乘积超过一定值的大型储罐，纵向焊缝可进行100%X射线检测（此时焊缝系数取1.0）。

For large storage tanks whose product of height and diameter exceeds a certain value, the longitudinal weld can be detected by 100% X-ray (at this time, the weld coefficient is 1.0).

罐顶可以采用搭接焊缝，所有罐底焊缝应为带垫板的全焊透对接焊缝。

Overlap welds can be used on tank roof, and all bottom welds should be full penetrating butt welds with cushion plates.